Política tributaria
El Gobierno planea eliminar gradualmente el impuesto al cheque para 2028
La medida se incluiría en la reforma impositiva que el Ejecutivo enviará al Congreso. Se analiza un mecanismo de imputación a cuenta del Impuesto a las Ganancias, similar al régimen vigente para las pymes.
El Gobierno nacional impulsa la eliminación gradual del impuesto a los Débitos y Créditos Bancarios, conocido como impuesto al cheque, con el objetivo de suprimirlo completamente para el año 2028.
La medida formaría parte de la reforma tributaria que el presidente Javier Milei tiene previsto enviar al Congreso antes de 2027. Según informaron fuentes del Ministerio de Economía, el gravamen, que actualmente aplica una alícuota del 0,6% en cada punta de la transacción bancaria, es considerado una de las distorsiones fiscales más relevantes del sistema actual.
Para concretar la baja, se analiza implementar un esquema progresivo. La herramienta principal consistiría en permitir que el impuesto ingresado se liquide a cuenta del Impuesto a las Ganancias de forma gradual, hasta alcanzar el 100% de la imputación y su posterior desaparición.
Este mecanismo de compensación ya rige para las pequeñas y medianas empresas bajo la Ley Pyme. En la actualidad, las micro y pequeñas empresas pueden computar hasta el 100% del impuesto al cheque como pago a cuenta de Ganancias. Las medianas empresas del tramo 1 de la industria manufacturera tienen habilitado un cómputo del 60%, y el resto de las categorías, del 33%.
El Ejecutivo sostiene que esta estrategia busca reducir la presión impositiva sin comprometer el equilibrio fiscal. El modelo replicaría el esquema de reducción gradual que ya se aplica en los derechos de exportación.
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